Nobel Prize 2020

 

Nobel Prize 2020

Some facts about Nobel Prize:

• The Nobel Prize is awarded to ‘those who, during the preceding year, shall have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind’.Since 1901, the Nobel Prizes have been presented to the Laureates at ceremonies on 10 December, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death. As stipulated in the will of the Swedish-born inventor and international industrialist Alfred Nobel.
• Nobel Prize in economics was not given initially,however in 1968,Sveriges Riksbank (Sweden’s central bank) established the Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.The Prize is based on a donation received by the Nobel Foundation in 1968 from Sveriges Riksbank on the occasion of the Bank’s 300th anniversary.The first Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to Ragnar Frisch and Jan Tinbergen in 1969.
• The Nobel Prizes in Chemistry,Literature,Physics,Physiology or Medicine and Economics are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden, while the Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo,Norway.
• Nobel Prize is awarded in 6 fields:

1. Chemistry.
2. Literature.
3. Peace
4. Physics.
5. Physiology or Medicine.
6. Economics

• As of 2019 the Nobel Prize were awarded 597 times to 950 people and organizations. With some receiving the Nobel Prize more than once, this makes a total of 27 organizations and 908 individuals.

PHYSIOLOGY OR MEDICINE
Harvey J. Alter United States of America	Charles M. Rice United States of America	Michael Houghton England
They were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize 2020 in Physiology or Medicine “for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus.”

 

Physics
Roger Penrose England	Reinhard Genzel United States of America	Andrea Ghez United States of America
For the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity	For the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy.”

 

Chemistry
Jennifer A. Doudna United States of America	Emmanuelle Charpentier France
For the development of a method for genome editing,can change the DNA of animals, plants and microorganisms with extremely high precision.

 

Literature

Louise Glück (Poet) United States of America

For her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal she was awarded with Nobel Prize 2020 in Literature.

 

Peace

World Food Programme (WFP) Head Office: Rome,Italy

For its efforts to combat hunger, for its contribution to bettering conditions for peace in conflict-affected areas and for acting as a driving force in efforts to prevent the use of hunger as a weapon of war and conflict.

Economics
Paul R Milgrom United States of America	Robert B Wilson United States of America
For improvements to auction theory and inventions  of new auction formats.